HSK 3
指示代词：各、各位、各种、每、任何
zhǐ shì dài cí ： gè 、 gè wèi 、 gè zhǒng 、 měi 、 rèn hé
Determiners: 各, 各位, 各种, 每, 任何
Explanation
This is the group of demonstrative pronouns (words used to point out a target: each, every, any...) used to talk about individual members or all members within a group: 各 (gè), 各位 (gèwèi), 各种 (gèzhǒng), 每 (měi), 任何 (rènhé).
各 + measure word/noun (word indicating a counting unit) = each, the various (各国 = the various countries); 各位 + noun = everyone / all the... (used politely); 各种 + noun = all kinds of; 每 + measure word + noun + 都 (dōu = all) = each... all; 任何 + noun + 都/也 = any... also.
各位 to greet a crowd formally (各位朋友). 各种 when emphasizing many different kinds. 每 emphasizes each one individually, usually paired with 都. 任何 means "any, without exception", also usually paired with 都/也.
每 emphasizes "each one in turn" and needs 都 after it; 各 emphasizes "the various different ones" and does not require 都; 任何 emphasizes "any, no matter which one it is".
Forgetting 都 after 每 and 任何 (the sentence sounds incomplete); using 各 directly with a number (incorrect), whereas 各 goes directly with a measure word (各国, 各位).
Examples
The classmates in our class come from various countries around the world.
Good afternoon, everyone (dear friends)!
Here there are flowers of all kinds of colors.
I go mountain climbing every Sunday.
At any time we must pay attention to protecting the environment.
Practice
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Learn “指示代词：各、各位、各种、每、任何” effectively
The grammar point “指示代词：各、各位、各种、每、任何” (Determiners: 各, 各位, 各种, 每, 任何) is one of the key structures at HSK 3. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
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