HSK 3
（由于）⋯⋯，所以/因此⋯⋯
（ yóu yú ） ⋯ ⋯ ， suǒ yǐ / yīn cǐ ⋯ ⋯
Cause-and-effect structure: 由于...，所以/因此...
Explanation
The correlative conjunction pair (words that join clauses) 由于……，所以/因此…… (yóuyú..., suǒyǐ/yīncǐ...) expresses a cause-and-effect relationship, meaning "because/due to..., so/therefore...".
由于 (yóuyú) + cause，所以 (suǒyǐ) / 因此 (yīncǐ) + result. 由于 states the reason, and 所以 or 因此 introduces the result.
when explaining a reason that leads to a result, usually carrying a more written or formal tone than the pair 因为……所以…… (yīnwèi...suǒyǐ - because...so).
由于 (yóuyú) leans toward written language and usually stands at the START of the sentence; 因为 (yīnwèi) is more natural and can appear in the latter clause. The result clause of 由于 usually goes with 因此 (yīncǐ), while 因为 usually goes with 所以 (suǒyǐ).
placing 由于 in the latter clause (由于 usually begins the sentence); or omitting the result connector 所以/因此 in the latter clause.
Examples
Due to poor health, Dad plans to retire early.
He works very hard, and therefore has achieved great success.
Practice
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Learn “（由于）⋯⋯，所以/因此⋯⋯” effectively
The grammar point “（由于）⋯⋯，所以/因此⋯⋯” (Cause-and-effect structure: 由于...，所以/因此...) is one of the key structures at HSK 3. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.
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