HSK 3
首先⋯⋯，然后⋯⋯
shǒu xiān ⋯ ⋯ ， rán hòu ⋯ ⋯
First……, then……
Explanation
The pair of conjunctions (words that connect clauses) 首先……，然后…… (shǒuxiān..., ránhòu...) means "first..., then...", used to arrange two actions in chronological order, before and after.
首先 (shǒuxiān) + action 1，然后 (ránhòu) + action 2. 首先 opens the first step, 然后 introduces the next step.
when explaining a procedure, recounting a sequence of events, or presenting steps in order (cooking, doing homework, a plan...).
首先 (shǒuxiān) differs from 先 (xiān). Both mean "first", but 首先 is more formal and usually opens a listing of several steps; 先 is more colloquial and usually goes with 再 (zài) or 然后 (ránhòu).
using 首先 but then omitting 然后 (or 接着 jiēzhe) in the second clause; these two words usually go together as a pair to make the sequence clear.
Examples
The students first read the text once through, then earnestly answered the questions on the blackboard.
We must first find a scientific practice method, then persist in practicing every day.
Practice
Test your understanding with a quick quiz
Learn “首先⋯⋯，然后⋯⋯” effectively
The grammar point “首先⋯⋯，然后⋯⋯” (First……, then……) is one of the key structures at HSK 3. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.
You can also view the full “” lesson to understand the related grammar and vocabulary more deeply.