“有”字句3

Type 1 — subject + 有着 yǒuzhe + object. 着 (zhe) is a particle (a function word added to express a grammatical meaning, without a meaning of its own) attached after 有 to emphasize a lasting, stable existence. E.g. 有着长期的友好关系 = there exists a long-standing friendly relationship. Type 2 — verb + 有 + object, i.e. placing 有 right after another verb (写有 written on, 刻有 carved with, 列有 listed with) to indicate that the result of that action is still present. E.g. 书上写有他的名字 = his name is written on the book.

Type 1 is used to describe abstract things that exist over a long time (relationships, misunderstandings, feelings). Type 2 is used when something is written/carved/listed on an object. Both lean toward written/formal usage and sound more solemn than plain 有.

Plain 有 just says "have / exist"; whereas 有着 emphasizes a firm, deep existence, used for abstract nouns and seldom for concrete objects (you don't say 桌子上有着一本书).

Vietnamese learners often use 有着 for concrete countable objects (wrong: 我有着一辆车); 有着 only suits abstract, long-lasting objects. In Type 2, don't separate 有 far from the verb — you must write the verb and 有 together (写有, 刻有).