HSK 5
凭
píng
凭 (based on, relying on)
Explanation
凭 (píng) is a preposition (a word placed before a noun to indicate a relationship: at, with, based on...), meaning 'based on, relying on, according to', used to state the basis or grounds for an action or conclusion.
凭 + noun/noun phrase (the basis) + ，+ main clause. For example 凭他的水平 (píng tā de shuǐpíng: based on his level), 凭经验 (píng jīngyàn: based on experience).
When you want to point out the basis, condition, or qualification for doing/asserting something. Common in formal/written usage and formal speech, especially when discussing ability, grounds, or qualification. There is also the pattern 凭什么 (píng shénme: on what basis...) used to challenge or question.
Vietnamese learners often forget the comma separating the 凭... phrase from the main clause, or redundantly add 靠 (kào) to make 凭靠. Just using 凭 alone is enough. Also do not confuse 凭 (based on grounds) with 靠 (kào: to lean on, to depend on someone materially/emotionally).
Examples
Based on his level, passing this exam is no problem.
Making judgments based on experience is often inaccurate.
Practice
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Learn “凭” effectively
The grammar point “凭” (凭 (based on, relying on)) is one of the key structures at HSK 5. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.
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