HSK 6
宾语的语义类型2
bīn yǔ de yǔ yì lèi xíng 2
Types of object semantics (part 2)
Explanation
This point introduces two special types of object (the entity affected by the action, e.g. 'book' in 'buy a book') in Chinese.
verb + object of place (处所宾语 chùsuǒ bīnyǔ), for example 进教室 jìn jiàoshì (enter the classroom), 放桌子上 fàng zhuōzi shàng (put on the table); or verb + object of result (结果宾语 jiéguǒ bīnyǔ), for example 盖房子 gài fángzi (build a house), 建食堂 jiàn shítáng (build a cafeteria).
an object of place indicates the location the action is directed toward; an object of result indicates the product or outcome created after the action is done (it only exists after the action is completed).
both are nouns following the verb, but 教室 in 进教室 is a place (already exists), while 房子 in 盖房子 is a result (only exists after the action is done).
Vietnamese learners often add a redundant preposition of place (e.g. saying 进到教室里, which is long-winded when only 进教室 is needed), or confuse an object of place with an adverbial (the element indicating place that comes before the verb) such as 在校园里.
Examples
Hearing the bell, he immediately went into the classroom.
He put all the things on the table.
In rural China, building a house is a big deal.
There are too many students in the new semester, so the school is building a cafeteria on campus.
Practice
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Learn “宾语的语义类型2” effectively
The grammar point “宾语的语义类型2” (Types of object semantics (part 2)) is one of the key structures at HSK 6. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
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