HSK 2
转折复句
zhuǎn zhé fù jù
Adversative compound sentences (转折复句)
Explanation
An adversative complex sentence (also called a 'contrast/turn' sentence) is a compound sentence joining two clauses whose content is CONTRASTING or contrary to expectation — the second clause goes 'against' the idea of the first.
(1) Without a connective: the two clauses are placed side by side, and the turn in meaning is understood from context (衣服样子不错，有点儿贵 = the clothes look nice, (but) a bit expensive). (2) Using a pair of connectives: 虽然 (suīrán, although/even though)…, 但是/可是 (dànshì/kěshì, but)…; or just 不过 (búguò, but, milder) in the second clause.
when the two things you say go against each other, for example praising then criticizing, or stating a disadvantage then doing it anyway.
'但是/可是' (but) makes a strong turn; '不过' (but) makes a softer, milder turn, often used in spoken language.
unlike Vietnamese, Chinese can use the pair '虽然...但是...' at the same time (Vietnamese usually only says one part 'but'). Using the pair is CORRECT, NOT redundant. '虽然' goes at the front of the first clause (it may also come after the subject: 公园虽然...), and '但是/可是' goes at the front of the second clause.
Examples
Way 1: without a connective
This piece of clothing has a nice style, (but) it is a bit expensive.
This time going to the restaurant, we did not spend much money, (yet) we ate very well.
Way 2: using connectives: 虽然 (although)…, 但是/可是 (but)…; 不过 (but)…
That park, although it is not big, is very beautiful.
Although it may rain tomorrow, I still want to go there and take a look.
This room is not very big, but it is very comfortable to live in.
Practice
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Learn “转折复句” effectively
The grammar point “转折复句” (Adversative compound sentences (转折复句)) is one of the key structures at HSK 2. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.
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