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HSK 2

结果补语1：动词+错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完

jié guǒ bǔ yǔ 1 ： dòng cí + cuò / dǒng / gān jìng / hǎo / huì / qīng chu / wán

Resultative complement 1 (动词 + 错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完)

Explanation

This is the resultative complement (the element after a verb that indicates the RESULT of the action): the words 错 (cuò, wrong), 懂 (dǒng, understand), 干净 (gānjìng, clean), 好 (hǎo, done/well), 会 (huì, know how/able), 清楚 (qīngchu, clear), 完 (wán, finished) are placed right after the verb.

Structure

verb + resultative complement (+ 了).

Example

写错 (write wrong), 看懂 (read and understand), 洗干净 (wash clean), 吃完 (finish eating).

When to use

Use it when you want to indicate what result the action achieved - whether it's finished, clean, understood. The negative form uses 没 (méi) placed BEFORE the verb: 没看懂 (didn't understand), 没学会 (haven't learned it). Questions usually add 了没有 or 了吗 at the end.

Common mistakes

Vietnamese learners often use 不 to negate (mistakenly writing 不看懂). Wrong - for a resultative complement of something already happened, you must use 没: 没看懂. Also, 了 and the resultative complement are attached to the verb; don't separate them or insert the object between the verb and the complement (don't say 写两个汉字错).

Examples

写错 看懂 洗干净 做好 学会 听清楚 吃完
xiěcuòkàndǒngxǐgānjìngzuòhǎoxuéhuìtīngqīngchuchīwán

write wrong; read/see and understand; wash clean; finish/do well; learn (master); hear clearly; finish eating

你写错了两个汉字。
nǐxiěcuòleliǎnggèhànzì。

You wrote two Chinese characters wrong.

这个句子我没看懂。
zhègejùziwǒméikàndǒng。

I didn't understand this sentence (read it without understanding).

衣服我洗干净了。
yīfuwǒxǐgānjìngle。

I have washed the clothes clean.

这道题你学会了没有？
zhèdàotínǐxuéhuìleméiyǒu？

Have you learned (understood and mastered) this problem yet?

这道题我没学会。
zhèdàotíwǒméixuéhuì。

I haven't learned this problem yet.

你听清楚老师的话了吗？
nǐtīngqīngchulǎoshīdehuàlema？

Did you hear the teacher's words clearly?

老师的话我听清楚了。
lǎoshīdehuàwǒtīngqīngchule。

I heard the teacher's words clearly.

Practice

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Learn “结果补语1：动词+错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完” effectively

The grammar point “结果补语1：动词+错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完” (Resultative complement 1 (动词 + 错/懂/干净/好/会/清楚/完)) is one of the key structures at HSK 2. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.

Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.

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