HSK 4
由⋯⋯组成
yóu ⋯ ⋯ zǔ chéng
由⋯⋯组成
Explanation
由⋯⋯组成 (yóu...zǔchéng) is used to say that a whole is FORMED from certain parts or components. 由 yóu is a preposition (a word placed before a noun to indicate a relationship) that introduces the components, and 组成 zǔchéng means "to form, to make up".
whole + 由 yóu + the components + 组成 zǔchéng (e.g. 文章由三个部分组成 = the article consists of three parts). You can add 是...的 shì...de for emphasis: 是由...组成的.
when describing a whole that is put together from several parts — a class, an essay, an exam paper, an organization, etc.
forgetting 组成 at the end (saying only 由... does not fully convey "is formed"); or reversing the order so the components come before 由. Remember the order: the whole comes first, the components go between 由 and 组成.
Examples
Our class is made up of two teachers and twenty students.
This article consists of three parts.
This exam paper is made up of ten multiple-choice questions and one writing question.
Practice
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Learn “由⋯⋯组成” effectively
The grammar point “由⋯⋯组成” (由⋯⋯组成) is one of the key structures at HSK 4. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
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