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HSK 4

趋向补语3

Directional complement 3 (resultative meaning)

Explanation

This is an extended use of the directional complement to indicate the result of an action. You combine a verb with words like 上, 出, 起, 下 (which do not carry an actual directional meaning). For example, '关上窗户' means 'to close the window' (action completed), '说出愿望' means 'to express a wish'. This rule helps express that an action has achieved a specific result.

Examples

（1）表示结果意义（引申用法）：动词+上/出/起/下
（1）biǎoshìjiéguǒyìyì（yǐnshēnyòngfǎ）：dòngcí+shàng/chū/qǐ/xià
请同学们离开教室时关上窗户。
qǐngtóngxuémenlíkāijiàoshìshíguānshàngchuānghù。
他向父母说出了自己的愿望。
tāxiàngfùmǔshuōchūlezìjǐdeyuànwàng。
他终于想起了当时的情况。
tāzhōngyúxiǎngqǐledāngshídeqíngkuàng。
他们建立起了亲密的朋友关系。
tāmenjiànlìqǐleqīnmìdepéngyǒuguānxì。
请留下你的地址和手机号。
qǐngliúxiànǐdedìzhǐhéshǒujīhào。

Learn “趋向补语3” effectively

The grammar point “趋向补语3” (Directional complement 3 (resultative meaning)) is one of the key structures at HSK 4. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.

Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.

You can also view the full “” lesson to understand the related grammar and vocabulary more deeply.

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