HSK 7
（由于）⋯⋯ ，以致⋯⋯
Negative cause-effect structure with 由于 and 以致
Explanation
The structure '由于...，以致...' is used to emphasize a cause (由于) leading to a negative or undesired result (以致). '由于' usually stands at the beginning of the clause explaining the reason, while '以致' means 'leading to the consequence that', usually ending in a bad situation. For example: 'Because he overslept (由于睡过头), he missed the first class (以致错过了第一节课)'. This structure is written in nature, emphasizing a clear cause-effect relationship and is often used to criticize or analyze a mistake.
Examples
Learn “（由于）⋯⋯ ，以致⋯⋯” effectively
The grammar point “（由于）⋯⋯ ，以致⋯⋯” (Negative cause-effect structure with 由于 and 以致) is one of the key structures at HSK 7. To use it fluently, you need to understand the contexts where it's used and practice regularly.
Study tip: read the examples aloud many times to build a natural reflex. Then try making your own sentences for your own situations. Use the audio button to hear and practice accurate pronunciation.
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